Efficacy of compound Xuanju capsule in the treatment of chronic prostatitis with erectile dysfunction / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Compound Xuanju Capsule (CXC) in the treatment of chronic prostatitis with erectile dysfunction (ED).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We obtained NIH-CPSI and IIEF-5 scores from 132 chronic prostatitis patients with ED and divided the patients into a control (n = 70) and a treatment group (n = 62), the former treated with oral levofloxacin 0.2 g bid for 4-6 weeks and oral Terazosin at 2 mg qd for 2 months, and the latter with oral CXC once 2 capsules tid for 2 months in addition to the above.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>None of the patients had serious medication-related adverse reactions. After treatment, the control group showed significantly decreased NIH-CPSI scores and slightly increased IIEF-5 scores as compared with the baseline (16.5 +/- 5.9 vs 25.1 +/- 5.5, P < 0.05 and 13.1 +/- 5.2 vs 11.3 +/- 4.5, P > 0.05), while the treatment group exhibited significant improvement in both NIH-CPSI (13.4 +/- 5.7 vs 25.5 +/- 5.3, P < 0.05) and IIEF-5 scores (17.5 +/- 6.5 vs 10.8 +/- 3.8, P < 0.05). The total effectiveness rate for ED was significantly higher in the treatment than in the control group (74.2% vs 20%, P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Compound Xuanju Capsule can significantly alleviate both the symptoms of chronic prostatitis and ED in the treatment of chronic prostatitis patients with ED.</p>

Treatment of urinary lithiasis following kidney transplantation with extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>The incidence of urinary lithiasis following kidney transplantation is very low, and decision-supporting data are not available. The aim of this study was to review the diagnosis and treatment of urinary lithiasis following kidney transplantation, which is of realistic significance to reduce urinary lithiasis following kidney transplantation, prolong the survival of renal allografts.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The incidence, diagnosis and treatment of urinary lithiasis in ten patients following kidney transplantation were analyzed retrospectively. Seven out of these patients had stones sized approximately 0.4 - 1.1 cm, and they were treated with low-voltage, low-frequency extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy (ESWL). Two patients had stones sized < 0.3 cm and they underwent cystoscopy and ureteroscopy. The ureteral catheter endoscopes were inserted in a retrograde manner to mobilize stones repeatedly. After elimination of obstruction, a ureteral double J stent was indwelt. One patient had a pelvic stone (1.2 cm), which was removed surgically.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The major clinical manifestations were hematuria, oliguria or anuria. Some patients were asymptomatic and they were diagnosed through laboratory tests and imaging examinations, e.g., ultrasonography. After elimination of obstruction, subjective symptoms disappeared in all patients, and the function of renal allografts recovered. A six-month follow-up indicated no remnant stones or lithiasis relapse.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The diagnosis and treatment of renal allograft lithiasis are challenging. After prompt and appropriate treatment, the prognosis was satisfactory, and permanent renal functional impairment did not occur in most patients.</p>

Expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha and vascular endothelial growth factor in prostate cancer and its significance / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1 alpha) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in prostate cancer (PCa) and its biological significance.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Specimens from 75 patients with PCa (32 cases), benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH, 16 cases), high-grade prostate intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN, 15 cases) and normal prostate (NP, 12 cases) were comprised in the study. The PCa was divided into high Gleason score group (Gleason score > or = 7) and low Gleason score group (Gleason score < 7). Immunohistochemistry was performed with antibodies against HIF-1 alpha, VEGF and CD34. Microvessel density (MVD) was analyzed by staining with antibodies to CD34.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The positive rates of HIF-1alpha were significantly higher in PCa (62.5%) and PIN (60.0%) than those in BPH (6.3%) and NP(0) (P < 0.05), respectively. The positive rates of VEGF were significantly higher in PCa (78.1%) and PIN (73.3%) than those in BPH (18.7%) and NP (8.3%) (P < 0.05), respectively. A higher concentration of MVD was observed in PCa (66.9 +/- 18.0) compared with those in BPH (28.3 +/- 6.9) and NP (15.3 +/- 2.9) (P < 0.05). MVD and the positive rates of HIF-1alpha and VEGF were significantly higher in high Gleason score group than those in low Gleason score group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The results suggest that the overexpression of HIF-1alpha and VEGF are closely related to PCa, and the son score group. up-regulation of HIF-1alpha and VEGF are early events in PCa.</p>